1D Chess

rowan441.github.io

951 points

burnt-resistor

a day ago


167 comments

hackyhacky a day ago

If you enjoyed this, you might like Mind Chess, which can be played without a board and pieces [1]:

Consider Mind Chess. Two players face each other. One says "Check." The other says "Check." The first says "Check." This continues until one of them says, instead, "Checkmate." That player wins -- superficially. In fact, the challenge is to put off checkmate for as long as possible, while still winning. This may be better stated: you truly win Mind Chess if you call "Checkmate" just before your opponent was about to.

[1] http://www.eblong.com/zarf/essays/mindgame.html

  • anyfoo a day ago

    Which reminds me that I just lost the game.

    I also lost the game not too long ago, but before that, I think I didn't actually lose it for a decade of more? And losing it wasn't even because it was mentioned anywhere, I genuinely just thought of it by myself, after forgetting about it for so long.

    So my sincerest apologies if my comment just made any readers lose their long streak in the game.

    • mckirk a day ago

      Damnit, I am pretty sure I had a few-year-streak going until just now. Welp, off to the grind again, I suppose.

    • olelele an hour ago

      Wow maybe 10+years running here since i lost last..

    • lamasery a day ago

      I've lost it a lot lately, for some reason, after what I suppose was my third multi-year victory streak.

      Like, five or so losses this year.

      • djsavvy a day ago
        2 more

        Same here, oddly enough, and every time besides this one was without anyone else mentioning it.

        • anyfoo a day ago

          I think once you lost the game once, it's much easier to lose it again relatively shortly after. It takes some long term distraction (and nobody mentioning it) to forget about it again.

    • edanm a day ago

      Yep, just lost after I think >5 years. But not because of your comment, because of GP comment.

    • jaeh a day ago

      damn. multiyear streak ruined. i even managed to forget i was playing.

      i just lost the game.

  • CGMthrowaway a day ago

    Sounds like a dating game. "Delay texting her back or expressing your feelings as long as possible, until just the moment before she will give up on you"

  • benleejamin a day ago

    And if you like Mind Chess, you might enjoy Mornington Crescent, which has a similar flavor to it! [1]

    [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lziCsPmlbZI

    • Mordisquitos 10 hours ago

      Absolutely! Visualising a long string of opponents saying 'Check' to each other until one calls the checkmate reminded me of when you and your opponent both take the classic dub-Victoria understrategy and repeatedly 'Parsons Green' each other. Such memories!

  • oever 8 hours ago

    Working at the Mind Chess Café is an interesting job.

  • wat10000 18 hours ago

    This sounds like an inferior, diminished version of Mornington Crescent.

  • stavros a day ago

    Wait, how is the "put off checkmate" objective scored? Turns before checkmate? Or what?

    Is it just a joke?

    • hackyhacky a day ago

      The sibling comment proposed a possible scoring mechanism which might result in enjoyable gameplay, but I think the bigger point (for me, at least) is the Mind Chess represents a reducto ad absurdum of the strategy game genre. It eschews as many rules as possible, leaving you only with the goal of knowing your opponent's mind. So Mind Chess is more of a thought exercise.

      • bombcar a day ago

        It's similar to the 2-minute version of Diplomacy - get everyone together and the second sneakiest bastard wins; because nobody will let the sneakiest bastard win.

    • tylervigen a day ago

      I have never played it, but I could imagine a scoring mechanism that would make it interesting, and perhaps is implied by the rules:

      The score value starts at 1. Every additional "check" multiplies the score value by 2 (so 2, 4, 8, 16...). The first player to say "checkmate" receives the score. Track your summed score between games; the player with the highest overall score at any given time is "winning."

      • zeroonetwothree a day ago
        4 more

        Isn't the optimal strategy just to say "checkmate" immediately? That dominates anything else.

        • bee_rider 21 hours ago

          I think to have any chance of making this work, you’d need to have a community of players in a tournament. Everybody gets to issue some number of challenges, and the winner is the person who accumulates the most points over the course of the tournament. I think you should only get points based on the length of games you win.

          Then the game at least has a chance to develop some mechanics. Players who delayed longer have a chance at winning more points. They also might be challenged more…

        • tux3 12 hours ago

          Not in an iterated game. If my team agrees we'll never checkmate before turn 5, the game is the same except we start the actual game on turn 5 with a big score advantage compared to everyone else.

          You can leave at any time by breaking the rule, but then you will be playing with other people who say checkmate immediately, and that would be much worse.

          Being prosocial is in fact a stable equilibrium. As prophecized by gestures broadly at everything.

      • zadikian a day ago

        It only works if there are more than two players

    • jamie_ca 21 hours ago

      Give two players cards, "Check" and "Checkmate".

      Both players choose a card. Players then in turns reveal their card, and if Check, make another choice. The player first revealing Checkmate wins if their opponent's currently-chosen card is also a Checkmate.

      • stavros 21 hours ago
        7 more

        But then this just gives the win to the first person to open their card, since in that round they had both selected Checkmate. Or, you have an incentive to rush to open your card when you know you've selected Checkmate, as you want to be the first one to open.

        • manwe150 18 hours ago
          6 more

          In the proposed game above, there is no rounds, just alternating plays, in which you have to select you play before the other player announces their play, then swap and repeat

          • stavros 18 hours ago
            5 more

            So both players select their cards, then player 1 announces, then player 2, then select, then player 2 announces, then player 1? This seems a bit limiting, as you can't really select Checkmate on the play where you don't reveal first, because you only stand to lose.

            • smrq 15 hours ago
              4 more

              I believe the intended turn order is:

              1: P1 selects 2: P2 selects 3: P1 reveals 4: P1 selects 5: P2 reveals 6: GOTO 2

              I.e. each player always selects immediately before their opponent reveals.

              • BoiledCabbage 12 hours ago
                2 more

                Yeah, but what stops P1 from DDos'ing and picking checkmate each time?

                If P2 picks check the first time, then they're done. At any point after if they pick checkmate, since P1 has checkmate selected they will reveal it and P2 will lose.

                It seems like a poorly thought through game...

                • manwe150 8 hours ago

                  Because P1 lost on their first turn if P2 wasn’t about to pick checkmate

              • stavros 10 hours ago

                But then you won't know if the other player has selected checkmate when you reveal yours.

quuxplusone a day ago

Mentioned in TFA: This version of chess is given by Martin Gardner in his "Mathematical Games" column of July 1980 (pages 27 and 31) — https://www.jstor.org/stable/24966361 — and the analysis of White's mate is given in the column of August 1980 (page 18) — https://www.jstor.org/stable/24966383.

I do wonder how things would change if the board were 9 cells long; 10 cells long; etc. Also, it seems "in the spirit" to permit castling if neither K nor R has moved yet: i.e., from the position

K _ R N r _ n k

White ought to be permitted to

_ R K N r _ n k

(Or maybe there's a stronger argument for R K _ N r _ n k, actually. The former was conceptually "rook moves halfway toward king, then king moves to the other side of rook"; but the latter is "rook moves two steps in king's direction while king moves to the other side of rook.")

I'm pretty sure this wouldn't change the analysis on the 8-cell board at all, though. I wonder if it would change the analysis on any size of board.

  • al_borland a day ago

    Maybe I'm not good enough at chess to understand the strategy here, but how would castling be useful in this 1-D game? Castling in a normal game protects your King and activates the Rook. In this 1-D game, your King starts out protected behind the Rook. If you castle and end up in a _ R K N position, your king is exposed and your Rook is trapped behind the King, useless, with no way to ever get it back out. The Rook seems essential for mate, and its power has been eliminated.

    • teiferer a day ago

      Exactly. Feels like R K N would be a more suitable initial position in which castling would swap the king into safety, provided it has not moved and is not in check...

      Though maybe in that case the best first move for both is to castle and we are non the wiser (back to the original starting position)

tromp a day ago

1D Go is also interesting and doesn't require any change in rules or starting position. TIL that it is known as Alak [1]. One of the open problems in our Combinatorics of Go paper [2] is whether you can play a game that goes through all possible legal 1xn positions for any n>2, which we were only able to verify up to n=7.

[1] https://senseis.xmp.net/?Alak

[2] https://tromp.github.io/go/gostate.pdf

aktenlage a day ago

Very cool. Reminds me of 1D Pacman: https://abagames.itch.io/paku-paku

  • wes-k a day ago

    I love this! Such a simple game with a fun level of skill. High score 17485 feels pretty good (edit: Oh! Low power mode on the computer makes the game run slow, thus much easier to get crazy high scores).

    Reminds me of SFCave and Nanana Crash for the simplicity and surprising replay ability.

    https://megami.starcreator.com/nanaca-crash/

    (Failing to find an online version of SFCave a.t.m :'()

freetime2 a day ago

I tried and failed a couple times before looking at the hint. And then I had to ask ChatGPT to explain the hint because I didn't understand chess notation. But with all of that out of the way, I am now winning 100% of my matches and feel it's not an overstatement to call myself a 1D chess grandmaster.

  • j2kun a day ago

    How often are you playing as black?

    • freetime2 a day ago

      As often as the system decides that I should play as black.

      • SV_BubbleTime a day ago

        Ha. I thought mine was broken on iPhone for a second.

  • forrestthewoods 21 hours ago

    I still don’t understand the notation. What does N4 N5 mean? The knight can’t move one space? I’m so confused.

    • slumberlust 18 hours ago

      First number in the set is your move; Second is Opponents move.

    • jojobas 21 hours ago

      Odd moves for white, even for black.

asibahi a day ago

This is really nice.

Incidentally, there is an actual 1D game that is one of the most popular games on the planet: Backgammon.

  • zniturah a day ago

    Good observation. Considering stacking of pieces maybe 1.5D though.

    • a3w a day ago

      Chess has different pieces, which has higher entropy than a true 1d backgammon or 1d checkers with only one piece a field.

      You could play with pieces that have a value of 1..N instead. Starting with 2,3, and 5 value pieces, and splitting them as needed. Making it one-dimensional again, while keeping 100% of the rules.

      Final verdict, therefore: backgammon is 1D, not 1.5.

      We could pretend that the second dimension was not playing a role in tactics back then, since it was very recently invented, like the brothers Wright invented the third dimension a hundred years ago. Or some hot air balloon at a world faire did it.

      • traderj0e a day ago
        3 more

        The "dimensions" in these board games isn't a mathematical/topology thing, is it? Normally one dimension = one real number space. Every board game ever would fit in 1D then, "2D" chess included.

        I'm fine calling Backgammon 1.5-D. Physically you focus on a single dimension, and the second one matters too but it's not the same.

        • highphive a day ago
          2 more

          That's a good point, you could surely model full chess in a single dimension, it would just be that each pieces' movement rules would be more confusing

          E.g. a pawn can move exactly 8 squares towards its opponents end (16 on its first move if no piece occupies 8 squares away), but can only capture 7 or 9 squares forward (with some extra modulo math to prevent wrapping)

          • traderj0e 21 hours ago

            Yeah and it'd be even worse if you want to flatten out the piece colors and types into the 1D array.

  • moffkalast a day ago

    Backgammon, the game everyone's seen and at the same time nobody knows how to play :P

    • dhosek a day ago

      My brother and I once took a train trip from L.A. to Omaha and back for a friend’s wedding and played backgammon for most of the trip. For weeks afterwards, I saw backgammon everywhere (most notably when reading dialogue-heavy books with lots of 1-line paragraphs).

    • vscode-rest 7 hours ago

      You’d be surprised – take a Backgammon board to a table in at a cafe in a popular area and chances are someone will sit down to play with you. Can be a good way of meeting people in a new area. (or new people in an old area!)

    • traderj0e a day ago

      Solitaire and Hearts too. Well I actually know and love Hearts, but most people seem to know it as "that game in Windows where you play random cards"

    • Sharlin a day ago

      I learned to play backgammon because it was one of the three games on my Nokia phone circa 2001 :P

  • etskinner a day ago

    Mancala is roughly 1D too!

  • anthk 8 hours ago

    Ludo/Parcheese could have been more played among Southern Europe/Latin American people.

  • pessimizer a day ago

    There are tons of 1D games. Somebody else mentioned Mancala, and I'd also mention the venerable Game of Goose, which can become anything from Candyland to sophisticated things like Kramer and Kiesling's That's Life or Parlett's Hare & Tortoise. Hell, Monopoly is also 1D if we're willing to allow circuits like Mancala.

    • anthk 9 hours ago

      Goose/ Snakes and Ladders can be played with no human players at all. There is no interaction, just randomness.

gef a day ago

Reminds me of Edwin A. Abbott's Flatland, where he describes Lineland. A one-dimensional world whose King can only move forward and backward, cannot conceive of sideways, and considers his tiny segment of existence complete and sufficient. The Linelanders are portrayed as pitiable, intellectually imprisoned by their single dimension. Much like us in our three :)

sieste a day ago

It took me an embarrassing number of attempts to win.

northfield27 a day ago

Haha, i was taking N4 and N6, but didn’t figure the steps after that.

To win we need to let knight die because rook can move multiple steps to kill the king.

From a third person perspective R2 is a deceptive move that takes advantage algorithm to make the black king back off to kill its knight.

  • aNapierkowski a day ago

    you could also just move your king on that move same result knight cant move, only king can, so it has to back away

juleiie a day ago

That finally confirmed that I am too regarded for chess if even 1D is too hard yay

  • amrrs a day ago

    is that str.replace(g,t) ?

    • juleiie a day ago

      No. I am actually too highly regarded for measly single dimensional game

neverkn0wsb357 an hour ago

This might have a bug. I have the following configuration.

K - King H - Knight R - Rook E - Enemy King X - Empty

K X X X R K E X

But it indicates it’s a draw by stalemate.

There is only 1 legal move for black here. Which is to move back to X. If it takes my Knight rook gets it.

He moves back, I move my Knight out of the way. Checkmate.

Edit: oh wait nvm there’s no legal move for black.

  • MegaSec an hour ago

    I don’t think it is a bug, the enemy king can’t move back to X because the knight is attacking that space. Traditionally you can’t move into check in chess.

MinimalAction a day ago

I love chess! This version was fun too.

If 1. Rx6,it is stalemate. So it must be 1. N4 N5. Then we could proceed with, 2. Nx6+ K7. Now, if you capture the knight (Rxe), it is stalemate again. So sacrifice the knight, 3. R4 Kx6 so that you force black to zugzwang with 4. K2 K7, and finally, 5. Rx5#

schmeichel a day ago

Finally, a version of Chess I can understand. Thank you.

bdcs 20 hours ago

Trying to lose is also fun (as white)

Some observations:

* Knights are color bound

* You can mate with Knight & King (K+K is still insufficient material)

* 3 fold repetition still applies (and has a popup!)

  • quuxplusone 17 hours ago

    How do you mate with N+K? Surely your King can't give check, and if your Knight is giving check then the enemy king can just take a step toward it to get out of check.

palata a day ago

It was a lot more fun than I first thought!

mcdeltat 19 hours ago

Ok seems like I don't understand and really dislike chess stalemate/draw rules. So if I make a move which is directly causative to my opponent having no moves which would not result in checkmate, this means the same is a draw?? That makes no sense to me.

  • aidenn0 16 hours ago

    This is part of why so many games on a competitive level end in a draw; the player that lacks a path to victory will try to force a stalemate.

    Since this makes it harder for the player with an early advantage to win (by constraining their moves), it is considered a feature, not a bug.

  • rbits 19 hours ago

    I think it's because the rules of chess don't state that making a move that puts yourself in checkmate results in a loss, they state that you're straight up not allowed to make that move. So if the only moves you have left would put you in checkmate, they're not legal moves.

ergocoder 16 hours ago

There aren't that many combinations. I finally won hahaha

dwa3592 a day ago

I am ashamed to admit that i could not solve that even though i consider myself a decent player.

  • keeganpoppen a day ago

    just work backward from the moves it allows you to make— it tells you when it’s hopeless, so thus if it lets you move, you’re onto something. took me like 9 or 10 tries easily.

anotheryou 19 hours ago

Is this stalemate correct? https://imgur.com/a/Z7in8sl

Have not even lost a piece yet!

  • pbardea 19 hours ago

    If it's black's move then yep! The king is not in check and it cannot move right otherwise it's in check by the knight and it cannot take left since it'll be in check by the rook.

hart_russell a day ago

I don’t know why this is stalemate: N4 N5, N6 K7, R5. Wouldn’t rook have the king in checkmate?

  • _air a day ago

    Black has no legal moves because of the knight but they aren't in check

  • Scarblac a day ago

    The rook doesnt attack the king because N6 is in the way.

    So black is not in check and has no legal moves, so stalemate.

    • superxpro12 a day ago

      Isnt that a forced move to K8? The king is forced to take N6 or move to K8, either of which results in a capture.

      Isn't this the definition of checkmate, not stalemate?

      • systoll a day ago

        The relevant rule from standard chess:

        > Leaving one’s own king under attack, exposing one’s own king to attack and also ’capturing’ the opponent’s king are not allowed.

        N6 and K8 both expose the black king to attack, so black is not allowed to make those moves. And with no other options, black has no legal move.

        And since black isn't in check where they are right now – that's a stalemate.

      • non- a day ago

        King isn't allowed to move to a square that would put him in check, so there are no legal moves available. Chess rules.

daynthelife 20 hours ago

It frustrates me that the site does not give the strongest defense for black. The position is mate in 6, not 5:

1. N4 N5

2. Nx6+ K7

3. R4 N3+!

4. K2 N5

5. N8! Kx8

6. Rx5#

  • otherme123 13 hours ago

    You give "3 ... N3" a !, when it is literally the only legal move the black has.

deadlypointer 14 hours ago

Even in the winning line black can force stalemate in multiple ways,how is it a forced win?

  • otherme123 13 hours ago

    N4, black has three legal moves:

    - RxN RxR, N5 (unique), RxN 1-0

    - R5, R2 RxN (if R6, NxR, 1-0), RxR N5 (unique), RxN, 1-0

    ... N5 NxR+ K7 (unique), R4 KxN (if N3+, K2 N5, N8 KxN, RxN 1-0), R2 K7 (or N3, RxN 1-0), RxN (1-0)

kkaske a day ago

I was only able to beat this after a couple retries. The hint was hard to read.

hypendev a day ago

Don't know when was the last time I had so much fun with chess. Quite intuitive, clicked on the first click.

Would enjoy so much if there were more of these, feels like an obligation-free chess puzzle.

vdelpuerto 9 hours ago

Took me like 4 resets to solve it.

GKakhiani 6 hours ago

Haha had a lotta fun

tom-blk 8 hours ago

Hehe cool idea, approved!

bbx a day ago

Oh very interesting. Even with these restrictions, there are quite a few variations, and it seems only one ends up with white winning.

darepublic a day ago

I won after four attempts. Pretty sure it was perfect play so yes white has forced win

  • sdthjbvuiiijbb a day ago

    Yeah. I think 1. N4 leads to a white win. It's fairly easy to verify that a black rook move will lead to a white win (1...R5 2. R2 and 1...Rx4 2. Rx4 N5 3. Rx5#). So the critical line is 1. N4 N5, but then 2. Nx6+ K7 3. R4 also leads to a win: 3...Kx6 4. K2 K7 5. Rx5# and 3...N3+ 4. K2 N5 5. N8 Kx8 6. Rx5#.

    There are probably other ways to win too.

armanhq 20 hours ago

More fun than I expected! Thank you :)

hybirdss 21 hours ago

spent way too long on this before realizing the knight is basically the whole game in 1d

gcheong a day ago

Minor typo: assming -> assuming :)

lschueller a day ago

Cool idea. This is smart and lean. I like it

tempestn a day ago

That's actually a fun little puzzle.

keeganpoppen a day ago

that took me way longer than i thought it would, but made me all the happier for it

  • uvdn7 a day ago

    This is something AI would never take away from us.

rOOmbambar9 a day ago

It's very interesting and fun!)

Dante77711 a day ago

Nice, fun and interesting! :)

phplovesong 14 hours ago

Basically tictactoe. Ends in a draw every time.

MagicMoonlight a day ago

Why does it end in a stalemate if all my pieces are alive and they have none? That’s not a stalemate, I can move freely and get them.

  • dargscisyhp a day ago

    That is a standard rule in chess. If your opponent has no legal moves (i.e. no way to move without moving his king into check) and is not currently in check, it is considered stalemate, which is a draw.

  • chris_va a day ago

    In chess they cannot move onto a spot that would put them in check. If they can make no legal moves, it's a stalemate.

jibal a day ago

N4 N5 Nx6+ K7 R4 Kx6 R2 (or K2) K7 Rx5#

slopinthebag a day ago

I was confused why 3.R2 is drawing, but not 3.R4 since black can check with the knight either way, but it's fairly obvious in hindsight - if black checks instead of capturing, you don't take, you go K2 and force black into zugzwang. Clever.

tkapin a day ago

Nice! :)

naorz a day ago

Fun stuff, love it!

chatmasta a day ago

Wow, Trump’s job is harder than I thought.

Computer0 a day ago

I was expecting a blog post regarding Iran strategy...

Keyframe a day ago

This is stupid. I like it!

sillyfluke a day ago

I honestly thought this post was going to be about the Iran war.

Nevermark a day ago

I thought for sure this article was going to be political commentary!

(I would pay a lot for some fat 1500 page, leather-bound tome of wisdom and anecdotes about historical foot guns, by Carl von Clausewitz, titled "1D Chess". And it's inevitable multi-authored, Harvard-published much thicker contemporary-world sequel.)

vladde a day ago

i could not beat it, and i can't read that chess notation

  • thesuitonym a day ago

    The letter is the piece to move, and the number is the index to move to, starting from 1 on the left. The first alphanumeric pair is your move, then the computer's move. Comma. Your move, computer's move...

  • qup a day ago

    The first move after the comma is yours (open with kNight to 4), and the second move is apparently predetermined or always chosen.

  • DrammBA a day ago

    the notation is just an array of move tuples, each tuple contains 1 move for white and 1 move for black, where each move is written as <1st letter of piece name><destination square>

  • burnt-resistor a day ago

    There's a coordinate-based solution in the source code issues. I couldn't elucidate that notation either.

    https://github.com/Rowan441/1d-chess/issues/1

    Edit: There's a second solution where instead of moving the rook back 2, move the king forward one and the take the black knight with the rook as the checkmate move.

tintor a day ago

The first move is always: white rook takes black rook, then the only remaining move for black is to move the knight away, which results in checkmate.

  • nippoo a day ago

    If you play the game, you realise this ends up in stalemate.

    • Fabricio20 a day ago

      I'm not very good at chess, but I dont get why most things are considered a stalemate? I strategically remove all pieces of the enemy, leaving only the king against my rook/tower whatever its called, the king has nowhere to run. In my eyes it's a checkmate. The game just calls it a stalemate. Would be a stalemate if I couldn't do anything, but I can kill the enemy king.

      • rokkamokka a day ago

        There is an explanation further down. A stalemate is if the enemy has no valid loves and is not in check

      • al_borland a day ago
        6 more

        It's a stalemate because while the king can't move, he isn't under active attack. There is nowhere he can legally move, but he's safe where he's at.

        • jandrese a day ago
          2 more

          That rule caught me up too. In regular chess if it is your opponents turn and their only pieces are a king in the 1,8 square and a pawn that is pressed up against one of your pawns and you have rooks in the 2,1 and 8,7 squares that counts as a victory does it not?

          • umanwizard a day ago

            No. That is a draw assuming it is the player with only a king’s turn to move.

            Translating your notation to normal chess notation:

            White king on h1, black rooks on a2 and g8, black king in some random other place, white to move.

            That is a draw, because white is NOT in check, but has no legal moves. That scenario is called stalemate. If white were in check, it would be checkmate and a win for black. Set it up on any chess analysis board website and it will say the game is a draw.

        • tshaddox a day ago
          3 more

          But why? That feels like a victory.

          • asibahi a day ago
            2 more

            Because that’s the rule. There doesn’t have to be a rational reason.

            • lamasery a day ago

              ... and if it weren't the rule, it'd make a lot of mid- and late-game play much safer for the player with the advantage. As it is, it's something they have to watch out for, which constrains them somewhat. You have to win, but not the wrong way, and your opponent can attempt to force you to "win" the "wrong way" (resulting in a stalemate).

  • umanwizard a day ago

    Black can’t move the knight: it’s illegal to make a move that puts yourself in check. Thus black has no legal moves, but isn’t in check, so the result is a draw.